SAFETY DATA SHEETS
According to the UN GHS revision 10
SECTION 1: Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name |
Benzene |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number |
- |
|---|---|
| Other names |
Benzole; Fenzen; Benzeen |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses |
Industrial and scientific research use. |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against |
no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
| Company |
chemicalbook |
|---|---|
| Address |
507, building 1, Huihuang international, Shangdi 10th Street, Haidian District, Beijing |
| Telephone |
+86-10-69703845 |
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number |
+86-13121892008 |
|---|---|
| Service hours |
Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
SECTION 2: Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Flammable liquids, Category 2
Skin irritation, Category 2
Eye irritation, Category 2
Aspiration hazard, Category 1
Germ cell mutagenicity, Category 1B
Carcinogenicity, Category 1A
Specific target organ toxicity – repeated exposure, Category 1
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |
|
|---|---|
| Signal word |
Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) |
H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways H340 May cause genetic defects H350 May cause cancer H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention |
P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/... P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. |
| Response |
P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse affected areas with water [or shower]. P370+P378 In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P332+P317 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P301+P316 IF SWALLOWED: Get emergency medical help immediately. P331 Do NOT induce vomiting. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical help if you feel unwell. |
| Storage |
P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P405 Store locked up. |
| Disposal |
P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal. |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
no data available
SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benzene | Benzene | 71-43-2 | 200-753-7 | 100% |
SECTION 4: First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.
Following skin contact
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .
Following eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Following ingestion
Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Dizziness, excitation, pallor, followed by flushing, weakness, headache, breathlessness, chest constriction, nausea, and vomiting. Coma and possible death. (USCG, 1999)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Benzene and Related Compounds
SECTION 5: Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Suitable extinguishing media
Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors. Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. (USCG, 1999)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Use foam, water spray, carbon dioxide, powder. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.
SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Remove all ignition sources. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Remove all ignition sources. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
For spills on water, contain with booms or barriers, use surface acting agents to thicken spilled materials. Remove trapped materials with suction hoses.
SECTION 7: Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling. Use non-sparking handtools. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding). Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Fireproof. Separated from food and feedstuffs, oxidants and halogens. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.Keep in well closed containers in a cool place and away from fire.
SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
TLV: 0.5 ppm as TWA; 2.5 ppm as STEL; (skin); A1 (confirmed human carcinogen); BEI issued.EU-OEL: 3.25 mg/m3, 1 ppm as TWA; (skin).MAK: carcinogen category: 1; germ cell mutagen group: 3A; skin absorption (H)
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Skin protection
Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
Respiratory protection
Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.
Thermal hazards
no data available
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
| Physical state |
Liquid. |
|---|---|
| Colour |
Clear, colourless. |
| Odour |
Aromatic odor |
| Melting point/freezing point |
5.49 °C. Atm. press.:1 013 hPa. |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range |
80.09 °C. Atm. press.:1 013.5 hPa. |
| Flammability |
Highly flammable. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit |
Lower flammable limit: 1.2% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 7.8% by volume |
| Flash point |
-11 °C. Atm. press.:1 013.5 hPa. |
| Auto-ignition temperature |
498 °C. Atm. press.:1 013.5 hPa. |
| Decomposition temperature |
no data available |
| pH |
no data available |
| Kinematic viscosity |
dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.604. Temperature:25.0°C. |
| Solubility |
1 to 5 mg/mL at 64° F (NTP, 1992) |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water |
log Pow = 2.13. Temperature:25 °C. |
| Vapour pressure |
10 kPa. Temperature:20 °C.;100 kPa. Temperature:79.7 °C. |
| Density and/or relative density |
0.876 g/cm3. Temperature:20 °C. |
| Relative vapour density |
2.77 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics |
no data available |
SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
NIOSH usually recommends that occupational exposures to carcinogens be limited to the lowest feasible concentration.
Reacts violently with oxidants, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and halogens. This generates fire and explosion hazard. Attacks plastics and rubber.
See Explosion Hazards.
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
A dangerous fire hazard when exosed to heat or flame. ... Ignites on contact with sodium peroxide + water, dioxygenyl tetrafluoroborate, iodine heptafluoride, and dioxygen difluoride.The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible. As a result of flow, agitation, etc., electrostatic charges can be generated.,Benzene vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along the ground and collect and stay in poorly-ventilated, low-lying, or confined areas (e.g., sewers, basements, and tanks).Hazardous concentrations may develop quickly in enclosed, poorly-ventilated, or low-lying areas. Keep out of these areas. Stay upwind.Benzene liquid is less dense than water and will float on the surface of water.BENZENE reacts vigorously with allyl chloride or other alkyl halides even at -70° C in the presence of ethyl aluminum dichloride or ethyl aluminum sesquichloride. Explosions have been reported [NFPA 491M 1991]. Ignites in contact with powdered chromic anhydride [Mellor 11:235 1946-47]. Incompatible with oxidizing agents such as nitric acid. Mixtures with bromine trifluoride, bromine pentafluoride, iodine pentafluoride, iodine heptafluoride and other interhalogens can ignite upon heating [Bretherick 5th ed. 1995]. Benzene and cyanogen halides yield HCl as a byproduct (Hagedorn, F. H. Gelbke, and Federal Republic of Germany. 2002. Nitriles. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.). The reaction of benzene and trichloroacetonitrile evolves toxic chloroform and HCl gases. (Hagedorn, F., H.-P. Gelbke, and Federal Republic of Germany. 2002. Nitriles. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.).
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Reacts violently with iodine pentafluoride.
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
no data available
SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 - rat (male) - > 2 000 mg/kg bw. Remarks:Young and older adults had LD50 of 3.8 (2.9-4.8) and 5.6 (4.0-7.8) mL/kg respectively.
- Inhalation: LC50 - rat (female) - 13 700 ppm.
- Dermal: LD50 - guinea pig and rabbit - > 9.4 mL/kg bw.
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
NTP: Known to be a human carcinogen. EPA: Known human carcinogen. IARC: Carcinogenic to humans
Reproductive toxicity
There is some evidence from human epidemiological studies of reproductive and developmental toxicity of benzene, however the data do not provide conclusive evidence of a link between exposure and effect (4). Animal studies have provided limited evidence that exposure to benzene may affect reproductive organs, however these effects were only observed at exposure levels over the maximum tolerated dose . Adverse effects on the fetus, including low birth weight, delayed bone formation, and bone marrow damage, have been observed where pregnant animals were exposed to benzene by inhalation.
STOT-single exposure
The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. If this liquid is swallowed, aspiration into the lungs may result in chemical pneumonitis. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. This may result in lowering of consciousness. Exposure far above the OEL could cause unconsciousness and death. If swallowed the substance easily enters the airways and could result in aspiration pneumonitis.
STOT-repeated exposure
The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking. The substance may have effects on the central nervous system and immune system. The substance may have effects on the bone marrow. This may result in anaemia. This substance is carcinogenic to humans. May cause heritable genetic damage to human germ cells. See Notes.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.
SECTION 12: Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50 - Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri) - 5.3 mg/L - 96 h.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnia magna - 10 mg/L - 48 h.
- Toxicity to algae: EC50 - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) - 32 mg/L - 72 h.
- Toxicity to microorganisms: IC50 - Nitrosomonas sp. - 13 mg/L - 24 h.
12.2 Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: Benzene present at 100 mg/L, reached 40% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(1). Benzene reached 24% of its theoretical oxygen demand in a non-acclimated microbial population after 15 days(2). Aerobic biodegradation of benzene was studied in pre-equilibrated soil-water slurry microcosms(3). Using an enriched aerobic bacterial culture, benzene began to degrade 12 hrs after incubation in an aqueous(soil-free) solution with 50% of benzene degrading after 60 hrs and almost complete degradation within 90 hrs. Using a pre-equilibrated soil-water slurry microcosm, benzene did not begin to degrade until 3 days after application and reached complete degradation after about 12 days(3).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
Benzene has BCFs ranging from 1.1-20(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF range suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. The uptake and elimination rate constants for benzene in fathead minnows were studied(3). Fathead minnows were found to have an average uptake rate of 7 L/kg/hr with an average elimination rate of 0.384/hr which corresponds to a BCF of 19(3). In a study of BCF values for various aquatic species, benzene was found to have a BCF value of 3.5 in eels(4), 4.4 in pacific herring(5), and 4.3 in goldfish(6).
12.4 Mobility in soil
An experimentally derived log Koc of 1.93 (Koc = 85) was obtained via reverse phase HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) with a cyanopropyl column and a mobile phase of water(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that benzene is expected to have high mobility in soil. The sorption equilibrium for benzene in a soil/water mixture (ratio soil/water 0.12 kg/l) took 72 hrs(3). The Koc for benzene has also been experimentally determined to be 79(4).
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
SECTION 14: Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN1114 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: UN1114 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: UN1114 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: BENZENE (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: BENZENE (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: BENZENE (For reference only, please check.) |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 3 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: 3 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: 3 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: II (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: II (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: II (For reference only, please check.) |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: No | IMDG: No | IATA: No |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
SECTION 15: Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Benzene | Benzene | 71-43-2 | 200-753-7 |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
| Korea Existing Chemicals List (KECL) | Listed. | ||
SECTION 16: Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | July 15, 2019 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | July 15, 2019 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
Use of alcoholic beverages enhances the harmful effect.Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested.The odour warning when the exposure limit value is exceeded is insufficient.Benzene causes acute myeloid leukaemia/acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia. Also, a positive association has been observed between exposure to benzene and acute lymphocytic leukaemia, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, multiple myeloma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Any questions regarding this SDS, Please send your inquiry to sds@xixisys.com
Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.